Bo-rasaense ba fumana bopaki ba litaelo tsa taxonomic tse 187 ho lilithara tse 20 tsa metsi tse bokelletsoeng ho tsoa ho e 'ngoe ea libaka tse thata ka ho fetisisa Lefatšeng.
Sehlopha sa bo-rasaense se etelletsoeng pele ke Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) le Appalachian State University se sebelisitse DNA ea tikoloho (eDNA) ho ngola mefuta-futa ea limela tsa lithaba tsa thaba e telele ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, bophara ba 29,032-foot (8,849 metres) Mount Everest. Mosebetsi ona oa bohlokoa ke karolo ea 2019 National Geographic and Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, e leng leeto le leholo ka ho fetisisa la saense la Everest.
Ha ba ngola ka seo ba se fumaneng koranteng ea iScience, sehlopha se ile sa bokella eDNA ho tloha lisampole tsa metsi ho tloha matangoaneng a leshome le melapo e botebong ba maoto a 14,763 (4,500 feet) ho ea 18,044 feet (5,500 metres) ka libeke tse 'nè. Libaka tsena li kenyelletsa libaka tsa mabanta a alpine a teng ka holim'a moeli oa sefate 'me a na le mefuta e mengata ea limela le lihlahla, hammoho le mabanta a aeolian a fetelang ka nģ'ane ho limela tse thunyang le lihlahla tse holimo ho biosphere. Ba ile ba tsebahatsa lintho tse phelang tse tlas'a litaelo tse 187 tsa taxonomic ho tsoa ho lilithara tse 20 feela tsa metsi, tse lekanang le 16.3%, kapa karolo ea botšelela, ea palo eohle ea litaelo tse tsebahalang tsa Sefate sa Bophelo, sefate sa lelapa sa mefuta-futa ea Lefatše.
eDNA e batla mesaletsa ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse siiloeng ke lintho tse phelang le liphoofolo tse hlaha 'me e fana ka mokhoa o theko e tlaase, o potlakileng le o felletseng oa ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho etsa lipatlisiso bakeng sa ho lekola mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang tikolohong ea metsing. Mehlala e bokelloa ho sebelisoa lebokose le tiisitsoeng le nang le sefe e ts'oarang liphatsa tsa lefutso, ebe li hlahlobjoa ka laboratoring ho sebelisoa DNA metabarcoding le mekhoa e meng ea tatellano. WCS e sebelisa eDNA ho sibolla mefuta e sa tloaelehang le e kotsing ea ho fela ho tloha ho maruarua a humpback ho ea ho Swinhoe softshell turtles, e leng e 'ngoe ea mefuta e fumanehang seoelo Lefatšeng.
'Mapa oa mocheso oa tatellano ea libaktheria tse khethiloeng le ho aroloa ka tatellano ea lekhetho ho sebelisoa SingleM le polokelo ea polokelo ea Greengenes ho tsoa sebakeng se seng le se seng.
Le hoja lipatlisiso tsa Everest li ne li tsepamisitse maikutlo tabeng ea ho tsebahatsa boemo ba tatellano, sehlopha se ile sa khona ho khetholla likokoana-hloko tse ngata ho ea fihla boemong ba mofuta kapa mefuta.
Ka mohlala, sehlopha se ile sa tsebahatsa li-rotifers le tardigrades, liphoofolo tse peli tse nyenyane tse tsejoang ka ho phela hantle libakeng tse thata ka ho fetisisa le tse feteletseng ka ho fetisisa 'me li nkoa e le tse ling tsa liphoofolo tse khonang ho mamella tse tsejoang Lefatšeng. Ho phaella moo, ba ile ba fumana tsuonyana ea lehloa ea Tibetane e fumanoeng Sagarmatha National Park 'me ba makatsoa ke ho fumana mefuta e kang lintja tse ruuoang lapeng le likhoho tse emelang phello ea mesebetsi ea batho sebakeng seo.
Ba ile ba boela ba fumana lifate tsa phaene tse ka fumanoang feela maralleng a hōle haholo le moo ba ileng ba etsa sampole, e leng se bontšang kamoo peō e phofshoana e fefoloang ke moea e eang holimo libakeng tsena tsa metsi. Sebōpuoa se seng seo li se fumaneng libakeng tse 'maloa e ne e le mayfly, e leng sesupo se tsebahalang sa phetoho ea tikoloho.
Thepa ea eDNA e tla thusa ho lekola bioloji ea nakong e tlang ea li-Himalaya tse phahameng le lithuto tsa morao-rao tsa limolek'hule ho lekola liphetoho ha nako e ntse e ea ha ho futhumala ho bakoang ke boemo ba leholimo, ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa le tšusumetso ea batho ho fetola tikoloho ena e fetohang ka potlako, e tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara.
Dr. Tracey Seimon oa Lenaneo la Bophelo ba Liphoofolo la WCS, moeta-pele-’moho le sehlopha sa Everest Biofield le mofuputsi ea ka sehloohong, o itse: “Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lintho tse phelang. Tikoloho ea alpine, ho kenyeletsoa Mount Everest, e lokela ho nkuoa e le tlas'a tlhahlobo e tsoelang pele ea nako e telele ea mefuta-futa ea limela tsa alpine, ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea boemo ba leholimo le tlhahlobo ea phello ea phetoho ea maemo a leholimo. ”
Dr Marisa Lim oa Mokhatlo oa Paballo ea Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha o itse: “Re ile ra ea holimo lefatšeng ho ea batla bophelo. Mona ke seo re se fumaneng. Leha ho le joalo, pale ha e felle moo. thusa ho tsebisa bohlale ba nako e tlang. ”
Mookameli-’moho le eena oa ho etsa lipatlisiso tšimong, mofuputsi oa National Geographic le Moprofesa ea Associate Univesithing ea Appalachian State Dr. Anton Simon o itse: “Lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng, ha motho a botsoa, ‘Ke hobane’ng ha ke e-ea Everest?’, mohloekisi oa Lebrithani, George Mallory, o ile a araba, ‘Hobane e ne e le teng. Sehlopha sa rona sa 2019 se bile le maikutlo a fapaneng haholo: re ile Mount Everest hobane e ne e ruta ebile e ka re ruta ka lefatše leo re phelang ho lona. ”
Ka ho etsa hore datasete ena ea mohloli o bulehileng e fumanehe ho sechaba sa bafuputsi, bangoli ba na le tšepo ea ho kenya letsoho boitekong bo tsoelang pele ba ho haha lisebelisoa tsa limolek'hule ho ithuta le ho latela liphetoho tsa mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng lithabeng tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa Lefatše.
Tlhaloso ea sengoloa: Lim et al., Ho sebelisa DNA ea tikoloho ho lekola mefuta-futa ea Sefate sa Bophelo ka lehlakoreng le ka boroa la Mount Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore, 6,7 le Tracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Lenaneo la Bophelo ba Zoological, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Lefapha la Geography le Planning, Boone, NC 28608, USA Univesithi ea 3 McGill, Lefapha la Redpath la Li-Museums le Biology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Department of Primary Industries, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 University of Colorado, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver- Spring, MD 20910, USA 8 Lead Contact* Lipuisano
Morero: WCS e pholosa liphoofolo tse hlaha le liphoofolo tse hlaha lefatšeng ka bophara ka saense, boiteko ba paballo, thuto le ho susumetsa batho ho ananela tlhaho. E le ho phethahatsa thōmo ea rōna, WCS e itšetlehile ka Bronx Zoo, e sebelisa matla a feletseng a lenaneo la eona la paballo ea lefatše ka bophara, le eteloa selemo le selemo ke batho ba limilione tse 4 linaheng tse ka bang 60 le maoatleng ’ohle a lefatše, hammoho le lirapa tse hlano tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha New. York. WCS e kopanya boitsebelo ba eona ba libaka tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo le libaka tsa metsing ho fihlela sepheo sa eona sa paballo. Etela: newsroom.wcs.org Latela: @WCSNewsroom. Bakeng sa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng: 347-840-1242. Mamela WCS Wild Audio podcast mona.
Joaloka setsi sa pele sa sechaba ka Boroa-bochabela, Univesithi ea Naha ea Appalachian e lokisetsa liithuti ho phela bophelo bo khotsofatsang e le baahi ba lefats'e ba utloisisang le ho nka boikarabelo ba ho theha bokamoso bo tsitsitseng bakeng sa bohle. Boiphihlelo ba Appalachian bo khothaletsa moea oa ho kenyelletsa ka ho kopanya batho ka mekhoa e khothatsang ea ho fumana le ho theha tsebo, ho hola ka botlalo, ho sebetsa ka tjantjello le boikemisetso, le ho amohela phapang le phapang. Li-Appalachian, tse Lithabeng tsa Blue Ridge, ke e 'ngoe ea likhamphani tse 17 tsa tsamaiso ea Univesithi ea North Carolina. E na le baithuti ba ka bang 21,000, Univesithi ea Appalachian e na le karo-karolelano e tlase ea baithuti mme e fana ka mananeo a fetang 150 a baithuti ba pele le ba fumaneng mangolo.
Tšebelisano ea National Geographic le Rolex e tšehetsa maeto a ho hlahloba libaka tsa bohlokoahali lefatšeng. Ka ho sebelisa boitseanape bo tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara ba mahlale le thekenoloji ea morao-rao ho sibolla lintlha tse ncha mabapi le lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa bophelong ba Lefatše, maeto ana a thusa bo-rasaense, baetsi ba melaoana le sechaba sa lehae ho rala le ho fumana tharollo ea maemo a leholimo le maemo a leholimo. Tikoloho ea fetoha, ho bolela limakatso tsa lefats'e la rona ka lipale tse matla.
Hoo e ka bang lilemo tse lekholo, Rolex o tšehelitse bafuputsi ba bo-pula-maliboho ba batlang ho sutumelletsa meeli ea monyetla oa batho. Khampani e tlohile ho buella lipatlisiso bakeng sa ho sibolloa ho sireletsa polanete ka ho etsa boitlamo ba nako e telele ho ts'ehetsa batho le mekhatlo e sebelisang mahlale ho utloisisa le ho hlahisa tharollo mathateng a kajeno a tikoloho.
Puisano ena e matlafalitsoe ka ho thakholoa ha Forever Planet ka 2019, eo qalong e neng e shebane le batho ba kenyang letsoho molemong oa lefatše le betere ka Likhau tsa Rolex bakeng sa Khoebo, ho sireletsa maoatle ka tšebelisano 'moho le Mission Blue, le ho etsa hore phetoho ea maemo a leholimo e be ntho ea sebele. e utloisisoa e le karolo ea kamano ea eona le National Geographic Society.
Potefolio e atolositsoeng ea litšebelisano tse ling e amohetsoeng tlas'a morero oa Perpetual Planet hona joale e kenyelletsa: maeto a polar a sutumetsang meeli ea ho hlahloba ka tlas'a metsi; One Ocean Foundation le Menkab e sireletsang mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng tsa cetacean Mediterranean; Xunaan-Ha Expedition e senola boleng ba metsi Yucatan, Mexico; Leeto le leholo la ho ea Arctic ka 2023 ho bokella lintlha tse mabapi le litšokelo tsa Arctic; Hearts In The Ice, hape ho bokella tlhahisoleseding mabapi le phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo Arctic; le Monaco Blue Initiative, e kopanyang litsebi tsa tharollo ea paballo ea maoatle.
Rolex e boetse e tšehetsa mekhatlo le matsapa a holisa moloko o latelang oa bafuputsi, bo-ramahlale le bo-ramahlale ka lihlapiso le lithuso tse kang World Underwater Scholarship Association le Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
National Geographic Society ke mokhatlo oa lefats'e o sa etseng phaello o sebelisang matla a saense, lipatlisiso, thuto, le ho pheta lipale ho khantša le ho sireletsa limakatso tsa lefatše la rona. Ho tloha 1888, National Geographic e ntse e hatella meeli ea lipatlisiso, ho tsetela ho talenta e matla le mehopolo ea phetoho, ho fana ka lithuso tse fetang 15,000 tsa mosebetsi lik'honthinenteng tse supileng, ho fihlela baithuti ba limilione tse 3 selemo le selemo ka linyehelo tsa thuto, le ho hapa tlhokomelo ea lefats'e ka bophara ka ho saena. , lipale le litaba. Ho ithuta haholoanyane, etela www.nationalgeographic.org kapa u re latele ho Instagram, Twitter le Facebook.
Morero: WCS e pholosa liphoofolo tse hlaha le liphoofolo tse hlaha lefatšeng ka bophara ka saense, boiteko ba paballo, thuto le ho susumetsa batho ho ananela tlhaho. E itšetlehile ka Bronx Zoo, WCS e sebelisa matla a feletseng a lenaneo la eona la paballo ea lefatše ho phethahatsa morero oa eona, ka baeti ba limilione tse 4 selemo le selemo linaheng tse ka bang 60 le maoatleng 'ohle a lefatše, hammoho le lirapa tse hlano tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha New York City. WCS e kopanya boitsebelo ba eona ba libaka tsa polokelo ea liphoofolo le libaka tsa metsing ho fihlela sepheo sa eona sa paballo. Etela newsroom.wcs.org. Ngolisa: @WCSNewsroom. Boitsebiso bo eketsehileng: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Mothehi-'moho oa SpaceRef, setho sa Explorers Club, ex-NASA, sehlopha sa baeti, moqolotsi oa litaba, sebaka le setsebi sa linaleli, o ile a hlōleha ho hloa lithaba.
Nako ea poso: Sep-10-2022